Abstract
Objective: This research aimed to examine the anti-oxidant activity, antielastase activity, and the content of total phenolic and total flavonoid of R. fraxinifolius unripe fruit.
 Methods: The dried unripe fruit was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus with sequence solvent: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was determined the anti-oxidant and antielastase activity, total phenolic, and total flavonoid content.
 Result: The result showed the extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) gave anti-oxidant IC50>200; 186.84; and 19.74 ppm, and the ability of elastase inhibition was 6.84+0.9%; 52.23+7.1%; and 57.81+5.5% at 100 ppm, respectively. The methanolic extract contained phenolic 202.2 mg GAE/g extract and flavonoid 43.89 mg QE/g extract.
 Conclusion: R. fraxinifolius unripe fruit has shown potential as a DPPH (α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenger and anti-elastase. This study provides an excellent effect to underline the importance of R. fraxinifolius unripe fruit, and it can be developed as nutricosmetics, nutraceuticals, or herbal anti-wrinkle cosmetics.
Highlights
Premature aging of the skin is known to be caused by two mechanisms: intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms
This study provides an excellent effect to underline the importance of R. fraxinifolius unripe fruit, and it can be developed as nutricosmetics, nutraceuticals, or herbal anti-wrinkle cosmetics
Nutricosmetics is a food and nutritional supplement, which is useful for improving the health and visual appearance of the skin
Summary
Premature aging of the skin is known to be caused by two mechanisms: intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Enzymes in the skin such as tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase are examples of intrinsic factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as extrinsic factors are the cause of premature skin damage. Excessive degradation of elastin skin fiber tissue can cause a loss of skin elasticity. This enzyme dysfunction can cause premature wrinkles and skin aging process. Substances possessing inhibitory actions on elastase and anti-oxidant might play significant roles as anti-wrinkle and, in the deceleration of the skin aging process, could potentially be developed for cosmetic purposes [2,3,4]
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