Abstract
The world order of the 21st century is characterized by transformational processes changing the spatial-temporal coordinates of international life. The features of the present stage are ambivalent processes (integration and disintegration; globalization and deglobalization).The article analyzes the transformation processes in post-Soviet space. The relevance of the study is caused by the presence of several frozen conflicts in the post-Soviet space that have changed the configuration of the region and have been enhancing its conflict potential since they are far from settling and constructive resolution. The conflict potential of the post-Soviet space is increased because of the presence of new state formations: the unrecognized de facto states thePridnestrovianMoldavianRepublicand theNagorno-KarabakhRepublic, and partially recognized Abkhazia andSouth Ossetia.The article also deals with the statehood acquisition and the formation of a new status of Abkhazia, South Ossetia, theNagorno-KarabakhRepublicand Transnistria. It emphasizes the necessity to solve the problem of obtaining external legitimization of the sovereignty of these political-territorial entities not only within the legal framework, but also within the political and social sphere.The actualization of frozen conflicts is only a matter of time, and in the context of the deterioration of relations between global players pursuing their own interests in the region, it can be used as an argument for aggravating the international situation.The principal approach to the study of this problem is the combination of comparative historical, institutional and situational methods that allow us to comprehensively consider the forms of international legitimization of small states in contemporary international relations and analyze conflict situations.The article presents various theoretical concepts on the problem of unrecognized states; the possibilities of further development of these partially recognized states are discussed. The difficulties of political integration and the difficulties of resolving frozen conflicts, in particular, due to the lack of a full-fledged dialogue between all parties to the conflict, are highlighted.The article is valuable as an analytical material for practical use by agencies and organizations involved in the development of political content in theSouth Caucasusregion.The authors conclude that in the issue of the existence of unrecognized States of the post-Soviet space, the time factor is essential because in these territories new generations of people are born who perceive themselves as full-fledged citizens of sovereign States.
Highlights
On the European continent, the 20th century was marked by the collapse of empires, world wars and, as a result, the constant movement of interstate borders
At the end of the century, the USSR ceased to exist, which led to the formation, on the one hand, of new independent states, and on the other, to the emergence of the so-called unrecognized states: Abkhazia, the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR), South Ossetia, and Transnistria (PMR)
Abkhazians were a titular nation with their own language and experience of state building, they did not constitute the majority of the population (18%)
Summary
On the European continent, the 20th century was marked by the collapse of empires, world wars and, as a result, the constant movement of interstate borders. The problem of self-proclaimed unrecognized or partially recognized States in the post-Soviet space has been actively analyzed by Russian and foreign researchers in recent years. According to T. de Waal, the greatest interest for the study are situations when «violence ends, but the conflict is not resolved, so that the irregular status continues, and the temporary becomes permanent» [3]. Such a prolonged state of uncertainty, in which one or two generations have grown up, raises questions that are almost metaphysical
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