Unrecognized charisma? A study and comparison of five charismatic leaders: Charles Taze Russell, Joseph Smith, L Ron Hubbard, Swami Prabhupada and Sun Myung Moon

Abstract

Drawing on Max Weber's theories of charismatic leadership and succession, discussion is given to a number of leaders of recent religious organizations. It is argued that greater precision can be given to Weber's 'ideal types' by considering the specifically religious status that has been accorded to Charles Taze Russell, Joseph Smith, L. Ron Hubbard, Swami Prabhupada and Sun Myung Moon respectively. They are not simply charismatic, but possess specific qualities associated with their religious status. The status they are accorded has further important implications regarding the criteria for choosing a successor, and for the nature of the succession that ensues.