Abstract
The role of nitrogen, introduced by deep cryogenic treatment (DCT), has been investigated and unraveled in relation to induced surface chemistry changes and improved corrosion resistance of high-alloyed ferrous alloy AISI M35. The assumptions and observations of the role of nitrogen were investigated and confirmed by using a multitude of complementary investigation techniques with a strong emphasis on ToF-SIMS. DCT samples display modified thickness, composition and layering structure of the corrosion products and passive film compared to a conventionally heat-treated sample under the same environmental conditions. The changes in the passive film composition of a DCT sample is correlated to the presence of the so-called ghost layer, which has higher concentration of nitrogen. This layer acts as a precursor for the formation of green rust on which magnetite is formed. This specific layer combination acts as an effective protective barrier against material degradation. The dynamics of oxide layer build-up is also changed by DCT, which is elucidated by the detection of different metallic ions and their modified distribution over surface thickness compared to its CHT counterpart. Newly observed passive film induced by DCT successfully overcomes the testing conditions in more extreme environments such as high temperature and vibrations, which additionally confirms the improved corrosion resistance of DCT treated high-alloyed ferrous alloys.
Highlights
Published: 6 February 2022One of the challenges in numerous industries is corrosion of the material, especially in industries involved with the application of metallic materials or their production
The dynamics of oxide layer build-up is changed by deep cryogenic treatment (DCT), which is elucidated by the detection of different metallic ions and their modified distribution over surface thickness compared to its conventionally heat-treated samplesample (CHT) counterpart
This paper aims to demonstrate the advantages of DCT in regards to corrosion behavior of high-alloyed ferrous alloys by revealing surface-sensitive details related to N dynamics and green rust (GR)
Summary
Published: 6 February 2022One of the challenges in numerous industries is corrosion of the material (degradation of material), especially in industries involved with the application of metallic materials or their production (such as steel and tool industry [1], oil and gas industry [2], medicine [3], electronic industry [4], automotive industry [5], aerospace industry [6] and nuclear industry [7]). Corrosion resistance of metallic surfaces can be enhanced by various methods. As one such method, is used to tailor the microstructure of metallic material and with it the surface characteristics and behavior, which in turn influences the corrosion resistance of the treated metals [8]. One of the potentially developing heat treatment methods is deep cryogenic treatment (DCT), in which on one hand the impact on the climate is minimal and the costs of production are low [9], and on the other hand, the modification of metallic material is induced from the surface down to the bulk core [10]. DCT can improve the oxidation behavior of a metallic surface and improve corrosion resistance [1,13].
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