Unraveling the Neo-Sûfī Paradigm: An Analysis of Dr. Fazlûr Raḥmān's Theoretical Insights and Concepts

Abstract

This research focuses on Dr. Fazlûr Raḥmān's Neo-Sûfī paradigm, a contemporary departure from traditional perspectives on Sûfīsm aimed at addressing global challenges. The study traces Raḥmān's academic journey from British India, highlighting his influential work advocating for a reevaluation of conventional Islāmic thought in the face of technological advancements and cultural shifts. Through an extensive literature review, the research contextualises the historical development of Sûfīsm, scrutinises traditional views, and assesses modern challenges to Sûfī thought, offering a critical examination of Raḥmān's contributions, particularly the Neo-Sûfī paradigm. The study's theoretical framework is grounded in Raḥmān's innovative approach deeply rooted in Islāmic philosophy and theology. Raḥmān reimagines traditional Sûfī concepts to address contemporary challenges while preserving ties to Islāmic heritage. Drawing insights from scholars like William C. Chittick and Seyyed Hossein Nasr, the research employs an interdisciplinary methodology based on primary sources to analyse the Neo-Sûfī paradigm comprehensively. It aims to position Raḥmān's ideas within the broader context of Islāmic thought, enriching the understanding of the intricate relationship between Sûfīsm, tradition, and modernity. Exploring the evolution of Sûfīsm within the Neo-Sûfī paradigm, the research underscores its adaptability to contemporary challenges, spiritual dimensions, and contributions to social cohesion. It investigates how Raḥmān reconciles tradition and modernity, assessing the compatibility of Sûfī thought with contemporary philosophical currents. The study discusses the implications of the Neo-Sûfī paradigm, including its role in interfaith dialogue, contributions to contemporary Islāmic thought, and policy recommendations. Despite acknowledging limitations, the research concludes that Dr. Fazlûr Raḥmān's Neo-Sûfī paradigm provides a dynamic response to modern challenges, harmoniously integrating tradition and modernity. Its implications extend beyond individual spiritual practice to interfaith dialogue, societal cohesion, and policy recommendations, presenting Raḥmān's paradigm as a valuable source of wisdom in navigating contemporary complexities within the ongoing discourse on Islāmic thought.