Uno y todo: del romanticismo al organicismo de Fichte

Abstract

Organicism shows the connection between the parts and in relation to a whole. In this article I propose an organicist reading of Fichte’s Grundlage des Naturrechts (GNR). I will firstly analyse the romantic vision of “one and all”, i.e., the way of articulating unity and fragmentation according to Holderlin, Novalis and F. Schlegel (1). After having considered the romantic artistic and religious solution to the modern crisis, I will explore the case of Schelling’s identification of unity and Self and his idea of organization of the elements according to natural and spiritual correlation (2). I will then argue that Schelling’s philosophical solution leads to Fichte. Fichte’s organicism refers not only to knowledge, but it also encompasses body, nature and community. Fichte distinctly states that a part can only exist in relation to other parts and to the whole, and that all is to be defined from a first (sovereign) principle (3). I will show that the organicism in the GNR allows to conceive the subjects in a reciprocal relationship, the particular willing as contained in one general will, and the State as an organized natural product (point 4).