Unlocking the potential: Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz in Alzheimer's disease management - A concise review

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, epitomizes the intricate interplay between genetic predisposition and molecular pathology, resulting in the relentless deterioration of neuronal structures within the brain. Characterized by the formation of amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles, this condition disrupts synaptic connections, leading to profound cognitive impairment. The utilization of medicinal herbs in the treatment of AD has garnered considerable attention within scientific research due to their potential neuroprotective and therapeutic properties. The World Health Organization has long noted and brought to the attention of many countries the growing public interest in medicinal plants and their products to cure various disorders, including AD due to their potential neuroprotective properties. The ethnomedicinal relevance of the plant Woodfordia fruticosa Kurtz has been reflected in the art of Ayurveda and India's traditional healing system, which reveals its widespread use in Ayurvedic treatments. Numerous chemical compounds found in Woodfordia fruticosa (WF) have been shown to be biologically active against the predisposing factors of AD. The flower extract of WF is particularly effective in inhibiting key enzymes like AChE and BuChE that are involved in AD, while its leaf and stem extracts also contribute to this effect. In vivo studies demonstrate that the flower extract can reverse memory impairment and reduce elevated enzyme levels in animal models. This review highlights the comprehensive potential of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz in AD management, the multifaceted activities of WF, spanning enzyme inhibition, cholinesterase inhibition, and neuroprotection, underscore its promise as a natural therapeutic agent for AD.