Unlocking the potential of Garcinia atroviridis fruit polysaccharides: A synergistic approach for obesity and hypertension management

Abstract

The potential of Garcinia atroviridis fruit polysaccharides (GAP) in inhibiting lipase and angiotensin converting enzyme was investigated. The GAP was initially optimized using microwave-deep eutectic solvents (DES) assisted extraction. The obtained quadratic regression equation served as a predicted model with an R2 value of 0.9385. The experimental maximum yield of the sample (24.33%) closely matched the predicted yield (24.88%), demonstrating the accuracy of the model. The GAP showed a high molecular weight (28.15 × 103 ± 3.17 kDa), viscosity (3.171 ± 1.23 Pa s) as well as high branching size (6.39 ± 0.030) that may have a greater ability to form complex structures that can inhibit targeted enzyme activities. These large structures can physically block the access of enzymes to their substrate, thus reducing the rate of activities. These properties influence the biological activities of extracted GAP that was measured in vitro and showed the inhibition of pancreatic lipase (79.41%) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) – inhibitory activity (81.23%) which shows potential as a viable source for the development of ACE-inhibitory and anti-obesity agents with promising effectiveness. Hence, the GAP can be an alternative source as a therapeutic treatment for hypertension and obesity.