Unlocking the potential of functionalized cottonseed oil for the production of biobased epoxy foams

Abstract

Nowadays, polymer foams are present in various areas of modern life. Having valuable and versatile features, they are utilized for insulation, packaging, sound absorption, cushioning and many other applications. Most of the commercially available polymer foams, whether rigid or flexible, are made from petrochemicals. Among these porous polymers, polyurethanes derived from highly hazardous isocyanates are dominant. Replacement of such foams with more environmentally safe materials holds great significance in the context of sustainability policy. Therefore, the utilization of molecules derived from biomass for the production of porous polymer foams is of considerable importance. This work focuses on the development of thermoset flexible foams based on plant oil, namely cottonseed oil. The polymeric matrix of the foams was prepared by the reaction of epoxidized cottonseed oil (ECO) with a cyclic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst, whereas the gaseous phase was generated by the addition of a chemical blowing agent. The morphology of the prepared foams was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, while the internal structure of the foams was studied via Micro-Computed Tomography. The thermomechanical properties of foams were evaluated by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). Possessing flexibility, softness, high porosity and shape memory ability, the prepared foams can be considered as potential cost-effective and eco-friendly options for flexible foams market: furniture, carper underlay, bedding.