Unlocking the Potential: A Comprehensive Review of Environmentally Sustainable Applications for Agro-Based Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS)

Department Of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Berunanpukuria, North 24 Parganas –700126, West Bengal, India ,Hingnara Anchal Public Institution, Ballabhpur, Chakdaha, Nadia 741223, West Bengal ,Md Abu Imran Mallick,Sudipa Mukherjee Sanyal

doi:10.52756/boesd.2023.e02.029

Department Of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Berunanpukuria, North 24 Parganas –700126, West Bengal, India , Hingnara Anchal Public Institution, Ballabhpur, Chakdaha, Nadia 741223, West Bengal + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.52756/boesd.2023.e02.029

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Publication Date: Jan 1, 2023

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Abstract

Agro-industrial residues represent both a challenge and an opportunity in sustainable agriculture. Spent mushroom substrate (SMS), a byproduct of mushroom cultivation holds immense potential for various environmentally sustainable applications. This review critically examines the current state of knowledge regarding the utilization of SMS in agriculture and related fields. The potential of SMS as a soil amendment to enhance soil fertility and productivity is explored, highlighting its role in improving soil structure, nutrient availability, and microbial diversity. Additionally, the suitability of SMS as a substrate for the cultivation of various crops, including vegetables, ornamentals, and medicinal plants, is evaluated, emphasizing its contribution to sustainable crop production and resource conservation. Furthermore, the utilization of SMS in bioenergy production, bioremediation, and waste management are discussed, underscoring its role in promoting circular economy principles and mitigating environmental pollution. The review also addresses key considerations and challenges associated with the widespread adoption of SMS-based practices, including nutrient management, potential contaminants, and economic feasibility. Moreover, emerging trends and innovative approaches for maximizing the value of SMS are identified, such as its utilization in biopolymer production, nanotechnology applications, and integrated agroecosystem management. The review concludes by highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and holistic approaches to harness the full potential of SMS for sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the diverse applications of SMS and offers recommendations for future research directions and policy interventions to promote its widespread adoption and integration into agroecological systems.

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