Abstract
A microstrip balanced-to-unbalanced (BTU) Gysel-type arbitrary power divider without the high-impedance transmission-line (TL) section is proposed to eliminate the power division ratio (PDR) limit of the conventional microstrip BTU power dividers. The proposed circuit includes five moderate-impedance TLs having the same characteristic impedance in addition to a grounded resistor. The arbitrary PDR is easily obtained by varying the electrical length of the TLs without changing the characteristic impedances, especially the large PDR, which is difficult to achieve by means of conventional BTU power dividers. When the PDR is ∞, the proposed circuit becomes a balun. The closed-form design equations are derived and discussed. To verify the proposed circuit, three prototypes I, II, and III are designed and fabricated for PDRs of 10 dB, 20 dB, and ∞ dB, respectively. The measured PDRs are in good agreement with the simulations. The measured isolation between the output ports is higher than 31 dB for prototypes I and II. The measured insertion loss of the balun prototype is 0.194 dB. Furthermore, the common-mode suppression of greater than 32 dB and the return loss of higher than 22 dB are obtained for various PDRs.
Highlights
Power dividing is widely adopted for various microwave applications such as antenna feeding networks, balanced amplifiers, and mixers [1]
For a system with both balanced and unbalanced devices, external baluns are required for the connection between the conventional power divider and balanced circuits, which increase the circuit size
It can be seen from Equation (15) that the power division ratio (PDR) of the proposed BTU power divider is only
Summary
Power dividing is widely adopted for various microwave applications such as antenna feeding networks, balanced amplifiers, and mixers [1]. For a system with both balanced and unbalanced devices, external baluns are required for the connection between the conventional power divider and balanced circuits, which increase the circuit size. BTUfar, power divider is existing only controlled by BTU means of the characteristic impedances power the PDR of the microstrip power divider is only controlled by of the different transmission-line (TL). TL means of the characteristic impedances of the different transmission-line (TL) sections [18,19,20,21,22]. A BTU proposed to eliminate the PDR limit of the conventional microstrip BTU power dividers, along with out-of-phase characteristics output ports andand highhigh power-handling capacity. PDR PDR can becan by varying electrical electrical length of the TLs without changing the characteristic impedances. Design formulas are length of the TLs without changing the characteristic impedances. Bothand the theoretical and experimental results areresults givenare andgiven discussed
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