Abstract
Collaboration processes between universities and companies are increasingly relevant for the generation of new knowledge and for promoting innovation. However, the literature highlights the need to delve into the factors that drive and favour these collaboration dynamics. Thus, the present paper aims to identify the success factors in university-industry collaboration processes. For this purpose, a scoping review was performed. We conducted a search in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, in order to find documents related to the subject until 2019. As a result of the scoping review, 17 success factors were identified, classified according to the four internal facilitators: structure, strategy, knowledge and relations.
Highlights
University research has been a key source of specialized knowledge of high value for the economy (Baruch, 1997; Tseng, Huang, & Chen, 2020) and the basis for the formulation and execution of public agendas (Debackere & Veugelers, 2005), due to the fundamental role of knowledge to increase the competitiveness of nations (Nava-Rogel & MercadoSalgado, 2011)
The university-industry collaboration is considered an important mechanism to leverage innovation, since it ensures that knowledge is managed and transferred effectively (Mikhailov, Puffal, & Santini, 2020; Weerasinghe & Dedunu, 2020)
This paper identifies the success factors in collaboration processes between universities and companies, through a literature review
Summary
University research has been a key source of specialized knowledge of high value for the economy (Baruch, 1997; Tseng, Huang, & Chen, 2020) and the basis for the formulation and execution of public agendas (Debackere & Veugelers, 2005), due to the fundamental role of knowledge to increase the competitiveness of nations (Nava-Rogel & MercadoSalgado, 2011). In the last two decades, trends in research and development have privileged collaboration between the company and universities, under an ecosystem of mutual benefit in the generation and dissemination of knowledge (Fiaz, Yang, & Abbas, 2014; Santoro & Bierly, 2006). The university-industry collaboration facilitates knowledge production that is transferred and accumulated in social actors (D’Este, Guy, & Iammarino, 2013; Santoro & Bierly, 2006). Despite the large amount of literature related to the flow of knowledge created by the interactions between industries and universities, very little is known about the factors that drive the establishment of research collaborations between these actors (D’Este et al, 2013). Previous studies analyse the importance of elements such as the individual characteristics of researchers (Banal-Estañol, Macho-Stadler, & Pérez-Castrillo, 2018), the organizational structure (Argueta López & Jiménez Terrazas, 2017; Baruch, 1997), the geographic proximity (D’Este et al, 2013; Tang, Motohashi, Hu, & Montoro-Sanchez, 2020), levels of trust between participants (Oliver, Montgomery, & Barda, 2020) and both formal and informal interactions between alliance members (Schaeffer, Öcalan-Özel, & Pénin, 2020)
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