Abstract
Universities are important sources of knowledge and key members of the regional innovation system. The key problem in Chinese universities is the low efficiency of the scientific and technological (S&T) transformation, which limits the promotion of regional innovation and economic development. This article proposes the three-stage efficiency analytical framework, which regards it as a complex and interactive process. Avoiding the problem of considering the input and output of university S&T transformation as a "black box" and neglecting the links among different transformation stages. The super efficiency network SBM model is applied to the heterogeneous region of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Empirical research proves that university S&T transformation has not been effectively improved and the scientific resources invested in universities have not been efficiently utilized in recent years. Generally, Despite the correlation between regional economy and transformation efficiency, the exclusive increase in resources is not enough. Regional openness and the quality of research talents are key factors for the application of technological innovation and technology marketization. Universities should not only pursue the number of research outputs but pay more attention to high-quality knowledge production to overcome difficulties in research achievements transformation.
Highlights
Universities are important actors in the national or regional innovation system
Chinese universities produce a large number of scientific research papers or publications every year, the issue is whether these research achievements can be effectively transformed into market value
The section reviews the relevant literature and proposes the analytical framework of science and technology (S&T) transformation efficiency; the third section describes the data and methodology of our research; the fourth and fifth sections discuss the efficiency of S&T transformation and its influencing factors, respectively; in the last section, we offer some concluding remarks
Summary
Universities are important actors in the national or regional innovation system. In recent years, the experience of deep integration of the global economy and science and technology (S&T) has shown that the efficiency of S&T transformation is important to the national or regional economic development. Chinese universities produce a large number of scientific research papers or publications every year, the issue is whether these research achievements can be effectively transformed into market value It has been pointed out by some researchers that the university transformation rate of S&T research achievements in China is still far behind that of western developed countries [3]. Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a case study, this paper explores (1) the overall efficiency of university S&T transformation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the differences within this heterogeneity region, (2) the features of different S&T transformation stages, and how the efficiency of each stage evolves, and (3) the main factors affecting university S&T achievements transformation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, as well as the mechanisms to improve university S&T efficiency. The section reviews the relevant literature and proposes the analytical framework of S&T transformation efficiency; the third section describes the data and methodology of our research; the fourth and fifth sections discuss the efficiency of S&T transformation and its influencing factors, respectively; in the last section, we offer some concluding remarks
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