Abstract
We introduce the concept of the universal virtual lab, an extension to the virtual lab platform of [Golani <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">et al.</i> 2016], enabling a fast and accurate simulation of wideband nonlinear DWDM systems. The universal virtual lab is compliant with non-ideal transmitter and receiver architectures, distributed optical filters in the optical link, inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering, and it provides accurate performance predictions even when adaptive equalization methods are applied. In comparison with the conventional full-bandwidth split step Fourier transform method, we show with different test scenarios that the universal virtual lab provides accuracy errors below 0.1 dBQ and 0.09 bit/4D-symb in Q-factor and GMI assessments respectively, with runtime speedup factors exceeding 1000. We also report performance assessments in an ultra-wideband (11 THz) C+L system and discuss equalization gain under different compensation scenarios. The estimated speedup factor with respect to the full-bandwidth split step Fourier transform method is assessed to be greater than 35,000.
Highlights
THE exponentially increasing data traffic in optical fiber networks has pushed towards the deployment of new technologies such as wideband dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems with C+L and S+C+L band operations over more than 10 THz bandwidth [1,2,3] and spectrally efficient optical coherent modulation formats [4,5]
Optical network throughputs are mainly bounded by the nonlinear Shannon capacity [6], with optical channels being distorted by Kerr induced nonlinearities such as self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase phase modulation (XPM) and four-wave mixing (FWM) [7].(1) For wideband systems, interchannel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) leads to additional penalties as some portions of the channel optical power are transferred from higher to lower optical frequencies via nonlinear inelastic scattering of the signal photons by the fiber silica medium [8]
It uses a bank of fast split-step Fourier-transform method (SSFTM) based on two-channel coupled Manakov equations [18], each applied to the channel of interest (COI) and one of the interfering channels (IC), and an nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) intersymbol interference (ISI) matrix estimator as described in [34] (Further details are provided in sections II.C. and II.D)
Summary
THE exponentially increasing data traffic in optical fiber networks has pushed towards the deployment of new technologies such as wideband dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems with C+L and S+C+L band operations over more than 10 THz bandwidth [1,2,3] and spectrally efficient optical coherent modulation formats [4,5]. The time varying ISI model, on the other hand, accounts for temporal correlation properties of the NLIN and it is suitable for addressing scenarios including fast adaptive nonlinear equalization [27,28] It is compliant with four-dimensional modulation formats exhibiting inter-polarization dependency [29]. A fast and accurate method for performance assessments in nonlinear DWDM systems, named virtual lab (VL) has been proposed in [30] on the basis of the time-varying ISI model It relies on separately generating the inter-channel NLIN according to its calculated second order statistics and adding it to the channel of interest (COI) which is split-step propagated through the fiber.
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