Abstract
The development of efficient and low-cost genotyping methods is essential to precise genetic characterization of cultivars. Here, we present a system based on fluorescently labeled universal tail sequence primers (UTSP) to resolve microsatellite (SSR) markers as an alternative for molecular fingerprinting of maize. A set of 20 SSRs using the UTSP presented an average polymorphic information content of 0.84, which provided a probability of random identity ranging from 10−7 to 10−14, and a minimum exclusion power of 99.99998 % in a group of 48 tropical maize single-cross hybrids traded in Brazil. The genetic diversity analysis based on multidimensional scaling explained approximately 28 % of the total variance for the first two coordinates, tending to group the hybrids according to their respective origin. Additionally, this genotyping system presented a high distinctiveness capacity, which is widely recommended for genetic purity and fingerprinting analyses. Thus, this marker system has a strong potential as a tool for complementary analysis of distinguishability, uniformity and stability required for cultivar registration.
Highlights
Maize is the most produced cereal in the world, and Brazil ranks as the third largest producer
A set of 20 SSRs using the universal tail sequence primers (UTSP) presented an average polymorphic information content of 0.84, which provided a probability of random identity ranging from 10−7 to 10−14, and a minimum exclusion power of 99.99998 % in a group of 48 tropical maize single-cross hybrids traded in Brazil
Besides the selection of highly informative SSRs, the tropical maize lines evaluated in this study present wide genetic variability
Summary
Maize is the most produced cereal in the world, and Brazil ranks as the third largest producer. Over 2,500 maize cultivars, including inbred lines, single-cross hybrids, and varieties are registered in the National Cultivar Registration Service (MAPA, 2015). The increasing number of registered maize cultivars hampers their distinction based on phenotypic analyses. An accurate assessment of distinctiveness is needed for distinguishability, uniformity and stability (DUS) tests, which are officially required for cultivar registration in Brazil (MAPA, 2015). For this purpose, a set of morphological descriptors for each species has been defined (MAPA, 2015), which presents a number of limitations, such as late and subjective evaluation, environmental influence and reduced number of traits. Molecular markers can be an alternative to complement the morphological evaluation, bringing a superior level of accuracy to DUS tests (Priolli et al, 2002)
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