Abstract
A universal probe method for measuring the temperature of large clusters (nanoparticles) in a cluster beam has been proposed and experimentally implemented. The temperature of large van der Waals clusters (nanoparticles) (CO2)N (where N ⩾ 102 is the number of monomers in a cluster) in the cluster beam is measured using this method with SF6 molecules as miniature probe thermometers. The SF6 molecules are captured by the (CO2)N clusters in intersecting cluster and molecular beams and sublimate from the surface of the clusters, carrying information on the velocity and temperature (internal energy) of the clusters. The velocity (kinetic energy) of SF6 molecules sublimating from the surface of the clusters has been measured by the time-of-flight method and the temperature of the clusters has been determined as Tcl = (105 ± 15) K.
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