Universal nonresonant absorption in carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Photoluminescence excitation measurements in semi-conducting carbon nanotubes show a systematic non-resonant contribution between the well known excitonic resonances. Using a global analysis method, we were able to delineate the contribution of each chiral species including its tiny non-resonant component. By comparison with the recently reported excitonic absorption cross-section on the $S_{22}$ resonance, we found a universal non-resonant absorbance which turns out to be of the order of one half of that of an equivalent graphene sheet. This value as well as the absorption line-shape in the non-resonant window is in excellent agreement with microscopic calculations based on the density matrix formalism. This non-resonant absorption of semi-conducting nanotubes is essentially frequency independent over 0.5~eV wide windows and reaches approximately the same value betweeen the $S_{11}$ and $S_{22}$ resonances or between the $S_{22}$ and $S_{33}$ resonances. In addition, the non-resonant absorption cross- section turns out to be the same for all the chiral species we measured in this study. From a practical point of view, this study puts firm basis on the sample content analysis based on photoluminescence studies by targeting specific excitation wavelengths that lead to almost uniform excitation of all the chiral species of a sample within a given diameter range.