Unitary Equivalence of Proper Extensions of a Symmetric Operator and the Weyl Function

Abstract

Let A be a densely defined simple symmetric operator in \({\mathfrak{H}}\), let \({\Pi=\{\mathcal{H},\Gamma_0, \Gamma_1}\}\) be a boundary triplet for A * and let M(·) be the corresponding Weyl function. It is known that the Weyl function M(·) determines the boundary triplet Π, in particular, the pair {A, A 0}, uniquely up to the unitary similarity. Here \({A_0 := A^* \upharpoonright \text{ker}\, \Gamma_0 ( = A^*_0)}\). At the same time the Weyl function corresponding to a boundary triplet for a dual pair of operators defines it uniquely only up to the weak similarity. We consider a symmetric dual pair {A, A} with symmetric \({A \subset A^*}\) and a special boundary triplet \({\widetilde{\Pi}}\) for{A, A} such that the corresponding Weyl function is \({\widetilde{M}(z) = K^*(B-M(z))^{-1} K}\), where B is a non-self-adjoint bounded operator in \({\mathcal{H}}\). We are interested in the problem whether the result on the unitary similarity remains valid for \({\widetilde{M}(\cdot)}\) in place of M(·). We indicate some sufficient conditions in terms of the operators A 0 and \({A_B= A^* \upharpoonright \text{ker}\, (\Gamma_1-B \Gamma_0)}\), which guaranty an affirmative answer to this problem. Applying the abstract results to the minimal symmetric 2nth order ordinary differential operator A in \({L^2(\mathbb{R}_+)}\), we show that \({\widetilde{M}(\cdot)}\) defined in \({\Omega_+ \subset \mathbb{C}_+}\)determines the Dirichlet and Neumann realizations uniquely up to the unitary equivalence. At the same time similar result for realizations of Dirac operator fails. We obtain also some negative abstract results demonstrating that in general the Weyl function \({\widetilde{M}(\cdot)}\) does not determine A B even up to the similarity.