Abstract
AbstractThe expression ‘physico-chemical’ treatment of wastewater is a generic term used for different physical operations as well as chemical processes, which are primarily used for removal of suspended, colloidal, and soluble contaminants, such as grits, suspended organic solids, hardness, heavy metals, etc., from wastewater (Fig. 8.1). The physical treatment deals with the application of physical phenomena, such as gravity settling, adsorption, sieving and screening to remove the intended pollutants from wastewater and thus it is often referred to as ‘unit operation’ as they rely only on physical movement of contaminants without altering their original nature. Screens, primary clarifiers, secondary settling tanks, gravity filters, etc. are some of the commonly used physical unit operations in a typical wastewater treatment plant.
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