Abstract
Electrically conductive films composed of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and cellulose matrix were used as water sensors. They exhibited rapid response and high sensitivity, with a relative electrical resistance change of 5500–500% for cellulose-CNT composites with CNT loading from 2 to 10wt%. This unique performance is well reproducible and high stable even on a long-term scale for 45 days. The sensitivity of cellulose-CNT composites was mainly caused by the hygroscopic swelling of the cellulose matrix, which was investigated by scanning electron microscope and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The cellulose-CNT composites also showed a high selectivity for water–ethanol solutions with different fraction of water.
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