Abstract

The integers larger than 1 are of two types: the composite integers which can be written as a product of two integers larger than 1 and the prime integers (or primes) which cannot. This book revolves around two questions: Given a composite integer, how do we find a decomposition into a product of integers larger than 1? How do we recognize a prime integer? Our investigation of these questions begins approximately 300 B.C. in the Greek city of Alexandria in what is today Egypt. There Euclid wrote his great work “Elements”, best known for its treatment of geometry but also containing three books on the properties of the integers.

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