Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the major phospholipid in meat and influences meat qualities, such as healthiness. PC is classified into three groups based on the bond at the sn-1 position: Diacyl, alkylacyl, and alkenylacyl. To investigate their composition and distribution in pork tissues, including longissimus thoracis et lumborum (loin) spinalis muscles, intermuscular fat, and transparent tissues, we performed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI–MSI). Eleven diacyl-, seven alkylacyl-, and six alkenylacyl-PCs were identified using liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem MS (MS/MS) analysis. Despite many alkylacyl- and alkenylacyl-PC species sharing identical m/z values, we were able to visualize these PC species using MALDI–MSI. Diacyl- and alkylacyl- and/or alkenylacyl-PC species showed unique distribution patterns in the tissues, suggesting that their distribution patterns were dependent on their fatty acid compositions. PCs are a major dietary source of choline in meat, and the amount was significantly higher in the muscle tissues. Consumption of choline mitigates age-related memory decline and neurodegenerative diseases; therefore, the consumption of pork muscle tissues could help to mitigate these diseases. These results support the use of MALDI–MSI analysis for assessing the association between PC species and the quality parameters of meat.
Highlights
Mass Spectrum Obtained from a Section of Pork Chop
Alkylacyl- and/or alkenylacyl-PC species containing 16:0 at the sn-1 position and 20:4 at the sn-2 position (Figure 5f,k), 18:0 or 18:1 at the sn-1 position and 18:1 or 18:2 at the sn-2 position (Figure 5g,k), and 18:1 at the sn-1 position and 18:2 at the sn-2 position (Figure 5i,k) were distributed in intermuscular fat tissue. These results suggest that distribution patterns of alkylacyl- and/or alkenylacyl-PC species among these2020, pork tissues are dependent on the fatty acid compositions
We identified eleven diacyl, seven alkylacyl, and six alkenylacyl-PC species using liquid chromatography (LC)-ESI-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS analysis and simultaneously visualized these species in pork sections
Summary
Consumer choice regarding meat consumption is influenced by the quality of the product, which is generally described by four parameters: Satisfaction, serviceability, security, and healthiness [1,2,3].Foods 2020, 9, 205; doi:10.3390/foods9020205 www.mdpi.com/journal/foodsFoods 2020, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEWHealthiness, or nutritional quality, has become increasingly important due to a growing knowledge of how food food components components affect affect our our physical physicaland andmental mentalwell-being.well-being.Meats, Meats, such pork, such as as pork, are are an an important nutritional source, containing a varietyofoflipids, lipids,proteins, proteins,vitamins, vitamins,and andmicronutrients. micronutrients.important nutritional source, containing a varietyThe most abundant phospholipids phospholipids in meat are phosphatidylcholines (PCs) [4], which are components of the bilayer cell membrane and function function as as aa reservoir reservoir for forpolyunsaturated polyunsaturated fatty fattyacids acids(PUFAs). (PUFAs).PUFAs are reported reported to have have various various health-promoting effects for people suffering from chronic diseases [5]. Healthiness, or nutritional quality, has become increasingly important due to a growing knowledge of how food food components components affect affect our our physical physicaland andmental mentalwell-being. Well-being.Meats, Meats, such pork, such as as pork, are are an an important nutritional source, containing a varietyofoflipids, lipids,proteins, proteins,vitamins, vitamins,and andmicronutrients. The most abundant phospholipids phospholipids in meat are phosphatidylcholines (PCs) [4], which are components of the bilayer cell membrane and function function as as aa reservoir reservoir for forpolyunsaturated polyunsaturated fatty fattyacids acids(PUFAs). Choline, a key component of PCs, is both an essential micronutrient needed for proper organ normal development and growth of the fetal brain [6]. Organ function functionand andaaneuroprotectant neuroprotectantrequired requiredfor for normal development and growth of the fetal brain
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