Unilateral variation of the mental foramen

Abstract

Introduction Mental foramen is present on the anterolateral aspect of the body of the mandible. Mental nerve and ves­ sels pass through it and supply the area from canine to first molar. The mental nerve is the neurosensory nerve. Foramen present on the body of the mandible other than the men­ tal foramen is considered as acces­ sory foramen. This study reports a case of unilateral variation of the mental foramen. Case report During the anatomical teaching cur­ riculum, we observed an accessory mental foramen on the right side of dried mandible. Morphometric ana­ lysis of mental foramen and acces­ sory mental foramen from various anatomical landmarks was done and results were tabulated. Discussion Variations in the number of mental foramen are important when the premolar region is targeted for sur­ gical intervention like osteotomy, root canal treatment and maxillo facial surgeries. Determination of implantation site and achievement of complete nerve block in that region depends upon the anatomical posi­ tion and possible variation of mental foramen. Conclusion Variations in number of mental foramen is not uncommon. The knowledge of accurate position of MF is important to avoid damage to neurovascular bundles passing through it and also to achieve abso­ lute anaesthetic effect at the antero­ lateral mandibular region.