Unilateral High Myopia and Its Complications – A case report

Abstract

Myopia, or nearsightedness, is the single most common human eye disease in the world. Unilateral high myopia is an uncommon condition, unlike myopia in general which is found in 15% of children by age 15 years. We describe a 15 years old female who attended our OPD with inability to see and raised intra ocular pressure of the right eye, ophthalmologic examinations was done to evaluate the anatomic structures and visual functions. On examination of the right eye, there was no perception of light , pupil was mid-dilated with no reaction to light, lens show cataractous changes, eyeball was proptosed outward and laterally, manifest divergent squint of 20° was noted with ciliary staphyloma at 12 0´ clock position. Slit lamp and biometric examinations of the right eye showed polychromatic lustre and ophthalmoscopic examination shows optic atrophy with extensive choroidal sclerosis. All the structures are visible in gonioscopy which confirms an open angle. Corneal transparency and corneal thickness were normal. From the clinical and ophthalmologic findings, unilateral high myopia with optic atrophy with complicated cataract with manifest divergent squint with secondary glaucoma with ciliary staphyloma was diagnosed. The case was studied in detail as unilateral high myopia is very rare in the North-Eastern part of India. This case highlights the need of awareness as our case lost her vision at a very early age due to ignorant, negligience and late referral to an ophthalmologist.