Unilateral colpocephaly with bilateral partial agenesis of Corpus callosum in adult male: A case report

Abstract

Colpocephaly, a rare congenital brain abnormality characterized by disproportionate enlargement of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricles, typically presents with neurological deficits in infancy. We present a unique case discovered incidentally during routine cadaveric dissection of a 63-year-old male with no apparent symptoms. The brain exhibited massive colpocephaly, accompanied by bilateral partial agenesis of the corpus callosum. Morphometric analysis revealed significant enlargement of the left lateral ventricle, with an anterior-to-posterior ratio indicative of colpocephaly rather than normal pressure hydrocephalus. Comparative studies with non-colpocephalic brains corroborated these findings. Literature review suggests a developmental origin for colpocephaly, possibly related to disturbances in hydrostatic balance during embryogenesis. Previous reported cases of adult-onset colpocephaly underscore its rarity and diagnostic challenges. Understanding the distinctive morphometry of colpocephalic lateral ventricles is crucial for accurate diagnosis, especially to differentiate it from more common conditions like idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, thus avoiding unnecessary interventions. This case highlights the importance of cadaveric studies in uncovering rare anatomical variations and expanding our knowledge of neurological conditions. Keywords: Colpocephaly, Morphometric analysis, Corpus callosum agenesis