Abstract
In the present paper, we use the holographic approach to describe the early-time acceleration and the late-time acceleration eras of our Universe in a unified manner. Such ``holographic unification'' is found to have a correspondence with various higher curvature cosmological models with or without matter fields. The corresponding holographic cut-offs are determined in terms of the particle horizon and its derivatives, or the future horizon and its derivatives. As a result, the holographic energy density we propose is able to merge various cosmological epochs of the Universe from a holographic point of view. We find the holographic correspondence of several $F(R)$ gravity models, including axion-$F(R)$ gravity models, of several Gauss-Bonnet $F(G)$ models and finally of $F(T)$ models, and in each case we demonstrate that it is possible to describe in a unified way inflation and late-time acceleration in the context of the same holographic model.
Highlights
The holographic principle originates from black hole thermodynamics and string theory and establishes a connection of the infrared cutoff of a quantum field theory, which is related to the vacuum energy, with the largest distance of this theory [1,2,3,4]
At this stage it is worth mentioning that unlike in the two aforementioned approaches, the holographic cutoffs for various FðRÞ models are determined in another way and in particular, these are determined as an integral, as shown in Refs. [34,35]
Holographic energy density has been well studied at late times and recently it has been applied in inflation studies, giving rise to holographic dark energy and inflationary realization respectively; to date it has not been incorporated to unify various cosmological epochs of the Universe
Summary
The holographic principle originates from black hole thermodynamics and string theory and establishes a connection of the infrared cutoff of a quantum field theory, which is related to the vacuum energy, with the largest distance of this theory [1,2,3,4] This consideration has been applied extensively in cosmological considerations, in particular, at the late-time era of the Universe, known currently as holographic dark energy models [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23] which are known to be in good agreement with observations [24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31].
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