Abstract
We provide a simple UV theory for a Dirac dark matter with a massless Abelian gauge boson. We introduce a single fermion transforming as the $\bf{16}$ representation in the SO(10)$'$ gauge group, which is assumed to be spontaneously broken to SU(5)$'\times$U(1)$'$. The SU(5)$'$ gauge interaction becomes strong at an intermediate scale and then we obtain a light composite Dirac fermion with U(1)$'$ gauge interaction at the low-energy scale. Its thermal relic can explain the observed amount of dark matter consistently with other cosmological and astrophysical constraints. We discuss that a nonzero kinetic mixing between the U(1)$'$ gauge boson and the Hypercharge gauge boson is allowed and the temperature of the visible sector and the dark matter sector can be equal to each other.
Highlights
Constructing a grand unified theory (GUT) of the Standard Model (SM) is an outstanding challenge in particle physics
We have proposed a chiral SOð10Þ0 gauge theory as a UV theory of light Dirac dark matter (DM) that is charged under the dark Uð1Þ0 gauge symmetry
The DM with a massive Uð1Þ0 gauge boson is considered in Refs. [17,21,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71]
Summary
Constructing a grand unified theory (GUT) of the Standard Model (SM) is an outstanding challenge in particle physics. The similarity of the SM gauge coupling constants and the beautiful unification of fermions in the SU(5) multiplets may support the existence of the unified theory at a very high energy scale. SO(10) gauge theory is a standard SO(10) GUT model, which we do not specify as it has been extensively discussed in the literature [6,7,8,9,10,11]. The DM sector results in Dirac DM with a massless Uð1Þ0 gauge boson, which has been discussed in Refs. The relic of the massless Uð1Þ0 gauge boson affects the expansion rate of the Universe as dark radiation, which can be checked by detailed measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies in the future
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