Abstract
Better understanding of the complex mechanical properties of ice is the foundation to predict the ice fail process and avoid potential ice threats. In the present study, uniaxial compressive strength and fracture mode of natural lake ice are investigated over moderate strain-rate range of 0.4–10 s−1 at −5 °C and −10 °C. The digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) is used for deformation measurement through constructing artificial speckle on ice sample surface in advance, and two dynamic load cells are employed to measure the dynamic load for monitoring the equilibrium of two ends’ forces under high-speed loading. The relationships between uniaxial compressive strength and strain-rate, temperature, loading direction, and air porosity are investigated, and the fracture mode of ice at moderate rates is also discussed. The experimental results show that there exists a significant difference between true strain-rate and nominal strain-rate derived from actuator displacement under dynamic loading conditions. Over the employed strain-rate range, the dynamic uniaxial compressive strength of lake ice shows positive strain-rate sensitivity and decreases with increasing temperature. Ice obtains greater strength values when it is with lower air porosity and loaded vertically. The fracture mode of ice seems to be a combination of splitting failure and crushing failure.
Highlights
Many engineering fields, such as ocean and river transportation in cold regions, energy exploration and exploitation in freezing territorial waters, and aviation and spaceflight, involve ice mechanics
In the past ten years, many researchers have started to investigate ice mechanical behavior at high strain rates in the magnitude range of hundreds and thousands by use of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SPBH) or a high-speed jack, accompanying with a high-speed camera, and several experiments [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13] have been carried out, as there is a need for high-speed impact behavior of ice in a broad range of engineering areas
The fact that little work has been conducted on ice mechanical properties at moderate strain rates can be attributed to various reasons, among which a crucial one is that there exist some challenging difficulties in conducting experiments at moderate strain rates
Summary
Many engineering fields, such as ocean and river transportation in cold regions, energy exploration and exploitation in freezing territorial waters, and aviation and spaceflight, involve ice mechanics. Study of ice mechanics extends from low strain rates to moderate and high strain rates Both Jones [5] and Meglis and Jordaan [6] conducted uniaxial compression tests on laboratory grown ice in the strain-rate range of 10−1 to 10 s−1 , and their testing temperatures are −11 ◦ C and. Both studies showed that ice compressive strength increases with increasing strain-rate in the moderate strain-rate range. The effect of air bubbles (or porosity) on ice strength in moderate and high strain-rate range cannot be investigated through bubble-free laboratory-grown ice. The fact that little work has been conducted on ice mechanical properties at moderate strain rates can be attributed to various reasons, among which a crucial one is that there exist some challenging difficulties in conducting experiments at moderate strain rates.
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