Unhealthy substance use among unaccompanied refugees in Germany

Abstract

Background Unaccompanied minor refugees are a high risk group for trauma-related disorders. Although these disorders pose a risk for unhealthy substance use, research of substance use among young refugees is lacking. Methods This study investigated substance use in a total of 102 refugees between 16 and 21 years of age who arrived as unaccompanied minors in Germany. Participants were asked about their religious beliefs and substance use within the last three months and prior to leaving their countries of origin. Unhealthy substance use was assessed by drug-specific questionnaires. Results Overall, 38% of the study participants met the criteria for unhealthy substance use (12% solely for unhealthy tobacco use). According to self-ratings, 21% of the refugees met the criteria for unhealthy alcohol use, 25% for unhealthy tobacco use and 12% for unhealthy cannabis use. Young refugees who had already used drugs in their country of origin were more susceptible to developing unhealthy substance use. Identifying as religious seems to reduce the risk for unhealthy substance use. Conclusion The results reveal that unaccompanied refugees are highly vulnerable for unhealthy substance use. Special programs for unhealthy substance use prevention are needed for this group.