Abstract
The population composition and density of wild and domestic ungulates in selected areas of Chitawan Valley, Nepal, are estimated and compared with other regions. Species considered include Axis axis, Axis porcinus, Cervus unicolor, Muntiacus muntjak, Sus scrofa, Rhinoceros unicornis, and domestic cattle, water buffalo, sheep, and goats. Rhinoceros constituted the bulk of the wild ungulate biomass in the riverine forest and grassland within the Royal Chitawan National Park. Species differed in their occurrence in various vegetation types and these differences afforded a degree of ecological separation. Counts indicated that juvenile mortality for most wild ungulates was high and seemed related to both nutritional and predatory factors. Suggestions for increasing the precision of counts of wild ungulates in monsoonal forest areas are included and conservation implications are discussed.
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