Abstract
Unfolding New Roles for Guanine-Based Purines and Their Metabolizing Enzymes in Cancer and Aging Disorders.
Highlights
The ubiquitous purinergic system is composed by adenine- and guanine-based compounds, their converting enzymes (Yegutkin, 2014), and by the adenosine (P1) G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and the nucleotide (P2) receptors, which are further classified into P2X1-7 ion channels and P2Y1,2,4,6,11–14 GPCRs (Burnstock, 2011)
The lack of identified specific Guanine-based purines (GBPs) receptors able to provide a potential therapeutic target represents the main reason for the low interest in GBPs related research
GBPs and their converting enzymes have been studied in urinary dysfunctions and skin diseases where XAN- and uric acid (UA)-mediated Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation seems to promote DNA damage in age-related oxidative stress (Birder et al, 2020b)
Summary
The ubiquitous purinergic system is composed by adenine- and guanine-based compounds, their converting enzymes (Yegutkin, 2014), and by the adenosine (P1) G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and the nucleotide (P2) receptors, which are further classified into P2X1-7 ion channels and P2Y1,2,4,6,11–14 GPCRs (Burnstock, 2011). Extracellular GUO is converted by purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) to GUA that, in turn, is metabolized to xanthine (XAN) by guanine deaminase (GDA) (Yuan et al, 1999; Giuliani et al, 2016; Shek et al, 2019). This brief work illustrates the most recent findings regarding GBPs and sheds light on the new therapeutic potential of Guanylates and their converting enzymes in cancer and age-related diseases
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