Abstract
This study addressed the effect of misleading post-event information (PEI) on voice ratings, identification accuracy, and confidence, as well as the link between verbal recall and accuracy. Participants listened to a dialogue between male and female targets, then read misleading information about voice pitch. Participants engaged in verbal recall, rated voices on a feature checklist, and made a lineup decision. Accuracy rates were low, especially on target-absent lineups. Confidence and accuracy were unrelated, but the number of facts recalled about the voice predicted later lineup accuracy. There was a main effect of misinformation on ratings of target voice pitch, but there was no effect on identification accuracy or confidence ratings. As voice lineup evidence from earwitnesses is used in courts, the findings have potential applied relevance.
Highlights
The present study investigates the power of various factors in predicting unfamiliar voice identification accuracy
This study investigated the effect of post-event information (PEI) on identification accuracy and voice ratings in an incidental test of unfamiliar voice memory
Results obtained in this study support warnings against the use of unfamiliar voice identification as decisive evidence in court cases
Summary
The within-subjects factor was stimulus voice (male or female). The between-subjects factor was false information (about the male or female voice). The dependent variables were voice ratings (Handkins & Cross, 1985) and length of verbal recall about the target voices. For the lineup analysis only, there was a third withinsubjects factor: lineup type (target-present or targetabsent). This factor only applied to the lineup analysis because the other dependent variables were measured prior to this manipulation. For this analysis the dependent variables were lineup accuracy, voice selection and self-reported confidence
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