Unexpected ovarian malignancy following laparoscopic excision of adnexal masses.

Abstract

What are the frequency of, and the prognosis for, ovarian malignancies among patients who have undergone laparoscopic surgery for an adnexal mass? The rate of unexpected ovarian malignancy resected by laparoscopy was 1.5%, and the presence of an early-stage unexpected ovarian malignancy did not alter patient prognosis. Even when laparoscopic surgery is used for the resection of an adnexal mass that is most likely benign, some patients are found to have malignant tumors post-operatively. The pathologic reports of 884 women who underwent laparoscopic resection of an adnexal mass between May 2007 and September 2013 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan, were reviewed retrospectively. We conducted a systematic review of the medical records of patients diagnosed post-operatively with ovarian malignancies and abstracted their demographic, clinical and pathologic data. A total of 1128 adnexal masses were resected, and 13 patients (1.5%) had ovarian malignancies: 6 ovarian cancer (1 mucinous, 1 endometrioid G1, 1 granulosa cell and 3 carcinoid) and 7 borderline tumors (BOTs; 5 mucinous and 2 serous). Of these, two patients with mucinous BOTs underwent fertility-sparing surgery and six patients underwent staging laparotomy. Due to cyst rupture during surgery, nine patients (69.2%) were upgraded to tumor stage IC. Secondary surgeries were performed in eight patients, with a mean interval of 88.9 days (range, 39-182 days) between the surgeries. All patients were alive and without evidence of disease at follow-up (mean follow-up, 38 months; range, 6-80 months). This was a retrospective study with a small case number and a short follow-up period. The presence of an early-stage unexpected ovarian malignancy did not alter the patient's prognosis, even if there was a significant delay in surgical staging after the finding of an unexpected malignancy during laparoscopy. No funding was obtained for this study and the authors report no conflicts of interest.