Abstract
ABSTRACT This scientific note presents preliminary developments of the Covid-19 pandemic on unemployment, poverty, and hunger in Brazil. The data on unemployment rate, un employment insurance claims, contingent of families in extreme poverty, and food insecurity was collected in government information systems, research published by public agencies, scientific articles, and in news portals. In an upward trajectory since 2015, the increase in unemployment and the number of families in extreme poverty was exacerbated after the pandemic began, drastically reducing the purchase power and access to healthy and adequate food, affecting mainly women and the populations of the Northern and Northeastern regions. Between January and September 2020, there was a 3% increase in unemployment in Brazil and, in October 2020, there were almost 485 thousand more families in extreme poverty compared to January of the same year. There are inadequate and insufficient responses from the Brazilian government to the articulated set of problems. The Covid-19 pandemic is a new element that potentiates the recent increase in hunger in Brazil, which occurs in parallel with the dismantling of the Food and Nutrition Security programs and the expansion of fiscal austerity measures, started with the political-economic crisis in 2015. There is an urgent need to recover the centrality of the agenda to fight hunger in Brazil, associated with the development of more robust contributions on the impact of the pandemic on the phenomena of poverty and hunger.
Highlights
Nesta nota científica apresentam-se desdobramentos preliminares da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre o desemprego, a pobreza e a fome no Brasil
Desde 2015, identificou-se um aumento do desemprego e do número de famílias em extrema pobreza após a instauração da pandemia, o que pode reduzir drasticamente o poder de compra e o acesso à alimentação adequada e saudável, afetando, principalmente, as mulheres e a população das regiões Norte e Nordeste
The Coronavirus 19 (Covid-19) pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020
Summary
Nesta nota científica apresentam-se desdobramentos preliminares da pandemia de Covid-19 sobre o desemprego, a pobreza e a fome no Brasil. Economic activities have been paralyzed or reduced in Brazil, resulting in growing unemployment, poverty, and hunger and requiring acts of government to mitigate the worsening health and socioeconomic conditions of the population [5,6]. In this scientific note, we aim to discuss the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in preliminary indexes of unemployment, poverty, and hunger, as well as to evaluate governmental action in that scenario. The increase in the unemployment rates was accompanied by the growth of the number of families in extreme poverty (monthly income of up to R$89.00 per person), which was enlarged in October 2020 (Figure 2), reaching about 20% of the Brazilian families [11,12]
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