Abstract
Background. - Hemothorax is a rare complication of hereditary multiple exostosis. Case report. - A 12 year-old boy suffered from abrupt thoracic pain, firstly attributed to pleural effusion. He had hereditary multiple exostosis known since the age of 9 years. The patient was given anti-inflammatory drugs and erythromycin but the pleural effusion became more abundant 6 days later requiring thoracentesis which showed hemothorax. All bacteriological and cytologic investigations were negative. X rays, ultra-sonography and CT scan showed several costal exostoses developing into the thoracic cavity. The hemothorax disappeared within 12 days and the patient was well 4 months later, without pleural sequelae. Conclusions. - Hemothorax may be due to internal costal exostosis. It may be cured with thoracentesis; more agressive therapy should be performed in exceptional cases with severe and/or recurrent bleeding.
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