Abstract
Pharmaceutical companies and the pharmaceutical industry have a bad reputation. United States based business Intelligence Company Reputation Institute has long documented the ups and downs of public opinion about, and trust in the biggest pharmaceutical companies in the world. According to surveys, pharma companies cannot be trusted to “do the right thing”, nor can they be given the “benefit of the doubt” in the face of negative news. Pharmaceutical companies are “succeeding in areas the public has less concern for—financial performance—and failing in areas the public values most—governance” (Reputation Institute ). The criminogenicity of the industry is well documented; Braithwaite’s () study on corporate crime in the pharmaceutical industry is the first most comprehensive empirical criminological analysis of industry criminality and concludes that “the pharmaceutical industry has a worse record of international bribery and corruption than any other industry (…), a history of fraud in the safety testing of drugs (…), and a disturbing record of criminal negligence in the unsafe manufacture of drugs (…) (Braithwaite , p. 5).
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