Abstract
The influence of fines on undrained behavior of sand was evaluated through a series of tests conducted in silty sand retrieved from Tokyo Bay Area after the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and an artificial mix of low-plasticity fines with sand. Since the use of density measures as void ratio, relative density or sand skeleton void ratio has led to divergent results, a different approach was taken in this research, by using compaction energy as the parameter of comparison. Stress-strain curves and stress paths for non-plastic and low-plastic fines are given. Excess pore pressure development and liquefaction curves are provided and compared. It can be seen that the addition of fines decreases liquefaction resistance either if they are of non-plastic or low-plastic nature. After conducting cyclic shearing, drainage was opened to measure volumetric deformation and results are also reported. Relevant conclusions regarding the role of fines in liquefaction potential and post-liquefaction behavior are provided
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