Abstract
Rough and flat titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces were prepared, and the effect of water pH on the underwater wettability of oleic acid on the TiO2 surfaces was investigated. The underwater contact angle of oleic acid on the relatively flat TiO2 surface depended on the pH of water in the range pH 3–5. The repellency of oleic acid on the relatively flat TiO2 surface increased with decreasing pH. On the other hand, the hierarchical rough TiO2 surface repelled oleic acid in water, regardless of the pH of water.
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