Abstract
In recent years, the demand for underwater wireless communication is increasing day by day, and marine exploration is carried out continuously. Underwater wireless communication is mainly used in military, industrial and scientific research fields. It plays an important role in the fields of marine environment detection, oil control, oceanographic research and tactical monitoring. Wired or optical fiber technology is usually used to achieve high data rate and reliable communication. However, in the deep sea, these optical fibers or cables face many challenges, such as maintenance problems, physical damage and vulnerability. In some places, it is very difficult to install cables or optical fibers. In this case, people are very interested in wireless communication technology. At present, underwater wireless communication technology mainly includes acoustic signal, RF signal and optical signal. However, with the increase of application requirements, underwater acoustic communication and electromagnetic wave communication have many limitations, which can not meet our needs, and optical fiber and cable can not be installed in a large area. Therefore, the research on underwater wireless optical communication is very useful. On the other hand, underwater optical communication (uowc) has the advantages of high bandwidth, low delay and enhanced security . However, light pulses propagating in seawater will be damaged by adverse channels, including absorption and scattering. It is also susceptible to many noise sources on the receiver side, such as sunlight, turbulence, thermal noise and dark wireless current noise. Using sufficiently dense network deployment, long-distance broadband communication can be realized, in which information can be transmitted through a series of relays. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to describe end-to-end (E2E) paths and develop effective routing mechanisms. This paper studies the routing of underwater wireless sensor networks. This paper summarizes several existing main routing methods, and studies and analyzes their practical significance.
Highlights
October 2019, The Ministry of natural resources and the national development and Reform Commission jointly organized the preparation of China's marine economic development report 2019 [1, 2], the article mentioned that China's total marine economy reached 8.3 trillion yuan in 2018, accounting for more than 9% of GDP, maintaining a basically stable proportion in the development of the national economy
The methods of underwater communication technology are mainly divided into wired communication and wireless communication technology: wired communication can realize the stable transmission of underwater communication signals through optical cables and cables, but laying cables underwater requires high cost and difficult maintenance
This paper summarizes some routing strategies based on underwater acoustic communication
Summary
October 2019, The Ministry of natural resources and the national development and Reform Commission jointly organized the preparation of China's marine economic development report 2019 [1, 2], the article mentioned that China's total marine economy reached 8.3 trillion yuan in 2018, accounting for more than 9% of GDP, maintaining a basically stable proportion in the development of the national economy. Underwater communication is an indispensable part of all kinds of underwater operations in the process of exploring and developing marine resources. With the development of ocean exploration technology, the research on underwater communication system has extremely broad application prospects and great scientific research significance, so as to provide information for marine environment monitoring, seabed salvage, tsunami early warning Underwater investigation and other underwater operations provide effective technical support for communication networking. Marine resources are extremely rich, but they still need to be developed, and communication is an indispensable link for all kinds of underwater operations. Compared with traditional land routing protocols, special waterway conditions (such as absorption, scattering, ocean turbulence, etc.) and the high directivity of underwater optical communication nodes bring new challenges. In addition to modifying the process of route discovery and route maintenance, selecting appropriate route metrics can effectively improve the routing protocol, so as to improve the performance of underwater network
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