Abstract
The study discusses a role of chemical admixtures in creation of underwater concrete properties. Particular attention was paid to anti-washout (viscosity enhancing) admixtures (AWA). Their classification and mechanism of action were presented. Results of own testing were analysed with respect to the impact of mineral additives of different fineness (ground-granulated blast-furnace slag, SiO2 nanoparticles) and admixtures to the cement on the washout resistance of underwater concrete. A favourable impact of fine particles in the cement on increasing the concrete washout resistance was demonstrated. Taking into account a specific chemical structure of the AWA applied, as well as its mechanism of action, a reason for increasing the underwater concrete washout resistance along with increasing quantity of fine particles in the cement, including nanoparticles, was explained.
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