Understory algae associations and predation risk influence broad-scale kelp habitat use in a temperate reef fish

Abstract

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 559:147-158 (2016) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11892 Understory algae associations and predation risk influence broad-scale kelp habitat use in a temperate reef fish Alejandro Pérez-Matus1,*, Fernando Sánchez1, Juan C. González-But1, Robert W. Lamb2 1Subtidal Ecology Laboratory and Center for Marine Conservation, Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA *Corresponding author: aperez@bio.puc.cl ABSTRACT: Habitat selection and predation are ecological processes that operate at small spatial scales. How these influence large-scale patterns in abundance and distribution of fauna remains to be resolved, especially in structurally complex systems such as kelp beds. In order to explain whether habitat selection, differential predation, or a combination of factors explain variation in fish abundance among sites, we conducted field surveys of abundance and microhabitat use of a temperate reef fish (Tripterygiidae, Helcogrammoides cunninghami Smitt, 1898) at sites of varying kelp cover and different understory algal assemblages. We observed variation in abundance among sites and, particularly, that sites with abundant kelp individuals have 4 times fewer fish. In order to explain these differences in habitat use and variation in abundance among sites, we conducted choice chamber experiments in the laboratory and tethering experiments in the field. In the laboratory, individuals tend to discriminate among options by selecting substrata with understory biogenic habitat (i.e. filamentous algae) and avoiding kelp. Finally, tethering experiments in the field evaluating H. cunninghami mortality rates in preferred habitat types compared to kelp beds confirmed an increase in predator richness and a 2-fold increase in predation rates inside kelp habitats. Together, these results suggest that multiple mechanisms that operate mainly at small spatial scales (predation and habitat selection) may influence the distribution and abundance of organisms over large areas. KEY WORDS: Reef fish · Kelp forest · Habitat selection · Mortality rates Full text in pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: Pérez-Matus A, Sánchez F, González-But JC, Lamb RW (2016) Understory algae associations and predation risk influence broad-scale kelp habitat use in a temperate reef fish. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 559:147-158. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11892 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 559. Online publication date: November 09, 2016 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2016 Inter-Research.