Abstract
The prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is very critical in controlling COVID-19. This study mainly aimed to (1) investigate behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccination under various specific scenarios, and (2) associated factors of the afore-mentioned vaccination intentions. A random anonymous telephone survey interviewed 450 Chinese adults from September 16-30, 2020 in Hong Kong, China. Nine scenarios of behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccinations were measured combining effectiveness (80% versus 50%), safety (rare versus common mild side effect), and cost (free versus HK$ 500). The prevalence of behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccination under the 9 specific scenarios was very low and varied greatly (4.2% to 38.0%). The prospective countries of manufacture also influenced vaccination intention (eg, Japan: 55.8% vs China: 31.1%). Only 13.1% intended to take up COVID-19 vaccination at the soonest upon its availability. The attributes of effectiveness and side effect influenced vaccination intention most. Positively associated factors of behavioral intentions of COVID-19 vaccination included trust/satisfaction toward the government, exposure to positive social media information about COVID-19 vaccines, descriptive norms, perceived impact on the pandemic, perceived duration of protectiveness, and life satisfaction. Intention of COVID-19 vaccination was low in the Hong Kong general population, especially among younger people, females, and single people. Health promotion is warranted to enhance the intention. The significant factors identified in this study may be considered when designing such health promotion. Future research is required to confirm the findings in other countries. Such studies should pay attention to the specific context of cost, safety, and effectiveness, which would lead to different responses in the level of behavioral intention of COVID-19 vaccination (BICV).
Highlights
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has globally accumulated 35 347 404 cases and 1 039 406 deaths (6/10/2020).[1]
The findings suggest that great efforts are needed to improve prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination, from vaccine development to policy-making to health promotion
This study investigated the levels of (1) behavioral intention of COVID-19 vaccination (BICV) during the first 6 months since its availability to the general public in Hong Kong under 9 scenarios of specific cost/effectiveness/safety combinations and 5 scenarios of free vaccination according to the manufacturing country, (2) attitudes toward timing of vaccination, and (3) attributes influencing the participants’ vaccination decision
Summary
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has globally accumulated 35 347 404 cases and 1 039 406 deaths (6/10/2020).[1]. Neutral Trust/very strong trust Don’t know Trust toward governmental measures in controlling COVID-19 Very strong mistrust/mistrust Neutral Trust/very strong trust Overall satisfaction with government Very strong dissatisfaction/Dissatisfaction Neutral Satisfaction/very strong satisfaction Don’t know Frequency of exposure to positive social media messages about COVID-19 vaccines Extremely/quite infrequent Average Extremely/quite frequent Don’t know Internal Factors of BICV Descriptive norms Perceived level of vaccination among Hong Kong citizense Perceived level of vaccination among acquaintancese Perceived impact of COVID-19 vaccine on controlling COVID-19 in Hong Kong Very low/quite low Moderate Quite strong/very strong Don’t know Perceived duration of effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine
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