Understanding the preference for receiving mental health and substance use support in African Americans 50 and older

Abstract

Objective This study aims to determine whether current tobacco and/or alcohol use is associated with setting preferences for seeking support for substance use (SU) and mental health (MH) services to African Americans ages 50 and older. Methods Data from 368 African American individuals (aged 50+) who participated in a community-based needs assessment survey were used. Preferences included community-based (e.g., health centers) and traditional settings (e.g., doctor’s office). SU was measured as a categorical variable detailing past-month use of conventional cigarettes and alcohol graded by risk levels. Logistic regression models tested the associations between SU and setting preference before and after adjusting for the influence of self-reported MH diagnoses. Results Prior to adjustment for the influence of MH outcomes, high-risk use of tobacco and alcohol in the past month was associated with a lower odds of preferring MH/SU support in traditional settings (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.06–0.85) compared to participants engaged in no-/low- risk substance use. This association was no longer significant after accounting for the influence of mental health symptoms and covariates. Discussion These results provide preliminary evidence that mental health outcomes mediate the association between substance use and setting preference for seeking MH/SU support in traditional settings. Translational Significance This exploratory study encourages additional investigation of the association between substance use, setting preferences, and the likelihood of seeking treatment in community health centers using larger sample sizes. Additional opportunities to offer mental health/substance use support to African American older adults within clinical settings should be explored.