Abstract
There are three main research goals in this study including (a) understanding the most important facilitators (support, strength) and complicators (barrier, concern, issues, problems) for online or distance education during COVID-19 from the unique perspective of college students, academicians, and teachers through Online Photovoice (OPV); (b) advocating with the volunteer participants and partners as allies to share the results with the key people and institutions through online avenues to enhance facilitators and address complicators; and finally, (c) investigating participants’ attribution of facilitators and complicators based on Ecological Systems Theory (EST) levels. The researchers utilized the adapted Turkish version of OPV to collect and used Online Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (OIPA) to analyze the data. Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) grounded in EST constructed the theoretical framework for the research. In total, 115 participants completed and consented for the study. Sixteen main facilitator-related themes emerged, and the five most expressed were having technology (n = 31, 35%), internet (n = 28, 32%), communication (n =18, 20%), emotions (n = 17, 19%), and economic resources (n = 16, %18). Thirteen main complicators-related themes emerged, and the five most reported barriers were lacks of technological resources (n = 41, 47%), internet (n = 40, 46%), appropriate learning environments, learning opportunities (n = 32, 36%) appropriate resources for online or distance education (n = 18, 20%), and interaction (n = 14, 16%). Participants attributed the facilitator and complicators to EST levels respectively as follows: individual/intrapsychic factors (84%; 69%), microsystem (45%; 59%), exosystem (36%; 43%), and macrosystem (34%; 44%). The researchers provided practical recommendations. The researchers obtained an institutional review board approval for this study.
Highlights
Covid-19 pandemic, often referred to as the Coronavirus Disease, is known as the Novel Coronavirus 2019 (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020)
To address the problems experienced by the students both in Turkey and the world and to comprehend their quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic, some researchers strongly recommended to employ Online Photovoice (OPV) methodology (Arslan et al, 2020b; Uğur et al, 2020; Tanhan et al, 2020)
The authors initially conducted a comprehensive literature review on (a) online or distance education, with a special focus on COVID-19 and whether there were any previous studies that utilized OPV and (b) empirical research on college students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Summary
Covid-19 pandemic, often referred to as the Coronavirus Disease, is known as the Novel Coronavirus 2019 (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020). To address the problems experienced by the students both in Turkey and the world and to comprehend their quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic, some researchers strongly recommended to employ Online Photovoice (OPV) methodology (Arslan et al, 2020b; Uğur et al, 2020; Tanhan et al, 2020). This is important because Coronavirus has affected students, instructors, and educational organizations around the globe (Mailizar et al, 2020; Toquero, 2020). Researchers highlighted individuals and especially communities with disprivileges and called for key people and institutions to act (Emir Öksüz, 2020; Tanhan, 2020; Tanhan & Strack, 2020)
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