Understanding the awareness of antimicrobial resistance amongst commercial poultry farmers in northwestern Nigeria

Abstract

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in both humans and animals is a growing health threat worldwide. Significant quantities of antibiotics are used in the livestock production sector, particularly in poultry farming to enhance growth and productivity. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three states of northwestern Nigeria to understand the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of commercial poultry farmers on antimicrobial resistance. A total of 247 poultry farmers enrolled in the study comprising 100 (40.5%) from Sokoto, 68 from Kebbi (27.5%) and 79 (32.0%) from Zamfara States. A significant number of the farmers have good knowledge of antimicrobial use (94.74%), and the potential emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria due to irrational administration of antibiotics (83.0%). Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in farmers’ knowledge of AMR based on their educational qualification (p<0.001) as farmers with bachelor’s degree (BSc) being more knowledgeable than those with Ordinary National Diploma (OND) and those who only completed primary or secondary education. A statistically significant difference was also observed in the attitude of the participants based on State (p<0.001) and educational qualification (p=0.013). The study provided valuable insight into the understanding of antimicrobial resistance amongst commercial poultry farmers in the region. The findings necessitate the need for educational interventions and initiatives through enlightenment campaigns and deployment of extension workers to reach farmers with low level of education to further improve their attitudes and practice towards responsible use of antibiotics.