Abstract
Manipur, an international border region has the highest incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection in India. Nevertheless, there have been no analytical reviews of research article published within this region. In this review, the authors aim to draw the attention of policy makers, medical practitioners and researchers in adopting new strategies to limit the expansion of HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) not only in Manipur but also in other international border areas. A systematic search for published literature in last decade was performed based on the keywords 'Manipur' and 'HIV' using the PubMed. Twenty-six articles were selected and reviewed. There were high incidence of drug resistance (53%), emergence of recombinant virus (32%) and increased incidence of co-infection with hepatitis C virus. The prime cause of the HIV is due to the uses of 'heroin' smuggled from the 'South Asia Golden Triangle' and complex patterns of cross-border movement for trade and commerce. The drug abuse, social stigma, geographical location and resource limitation and socio-political problem of the region have contributed strongly on spreading and failure of preventively programme of HIV/AIDS. This review will provide vital knowledge for the policy makers and clinicians for sentinel surveillance of AIDS pandemic in Manipur and other international border regions.
Highlights
Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a lifethreatening disease and remains an immense threat to all over the world [1]
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ AIDS remains a problem in India ever since it was detected for the first time in the year 1986 among the female sex workers (FSW) in Chennai [2]
Forty-seven articles were found to be published since a decade when we search in the PubMed using the keyword mentioned above
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a lifethreatening disease and remains an immense threat to all over the world [1]. HIV case was registered for the first time in Manipur, an international border region to Myanmar, from a blood sample of an intravenous drug user (IDU) [3]. Unlike other states of India, HIV transmission in this region is mainly correlated with the sharing of HIV-infected injecting equipment/needles among the IDUs [5].
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