Understanding lower limb blood flow occlusion parameters for use in field-based settings

Abstract

ABSTRACT Reduction of blood flow to the limb using cuffs before or during exercise has become increasingly popular for training and rehabilitation. Our study tested the effects of cuff brand/width on pressures required to reach limb occlusion pressure (LOP) and developed, cross-validated, and compared accuracy of two LOP prediction equations to previously created methods. Supine LOP was determined in the distal popliteal artery using four different cuff brands/widths in 23 adult participants. Participants then had demographic and resting variables assessed, and two LOP prediction equations were developed from these variables and were compared to five previously developed models and a method using posterior tibial artery palpation for LOP assessment in an independent sample (n = 14 adult runners). For cuff comparison, the widest two cuffs had significantly lower LOP (mean ~149 mmHg) than the narrowest cuffs (mean ~176 mmHg), with the narrowest cuff unable to reach LOP. The eight methods used to predict LOP ranged in accuracy (mean absolute percent errors 3.9–23.0%), with highest accuracy in equations using mean arterial pressure (MAP) and BMI. Practitioners using blood flow reduction methods should be consistent with cuff use due to demonstrated differences across brands/widths. Equations using MAP and BMI appear best for prediction of leg LOP.