Abstract
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly defined infectious and highly contagious acute disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is mainly characterized by an acute respiratory disease however it can also affect multiple other organ systems such as the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, heart, vascular system, and the central nervous system. Kidney involvement is frequent in patients with COVID-19 and this review aims to explore the available data on kidney and COVID-19. In conclusion, COVID-19 infection can affect renal function and may cause acute kidney injury (AKI), due to several mechanisms that need to be fully elucidated. As only supportive management strategies are available for treating AKI in COVID-19, it is necessary to identify and preserve renal function during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Highlights
Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered serious infectious and highly contagious acute disease caused by SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 is characterized by acute respiratory disease, with most patients (80%) presenting mild and self-limited flu-like symptoms, 20% may have a severe presentation with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [1]
Clinical findings of 138 hospitalized individuals with SARS-CoV-2 in China revealed that the co-morbidities are more prevalent among patients who were admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) (72.2%) as compared to non-ICU patients (37.3%) [16]
Summary
Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered serious infectious and highly contagious acute disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). The second phase of the disease, which is related closely to the risk of mortality, usually begins between days 7 to 10 from the onset of symptoms that is associated with growing requirements of oxygen supply and respiratory support. This condition is likely to be secondary to hyper inflammatory and cytokine release syndromes [2]
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