Abstract
Sensory processing disorder (SPD) could influence the neuromuscular response and adjustment to external sensory discrimination and lead to disruptions in daily locomotion. The objective of the current study was to compare plantar loadings and foot balance during walking, running and turning activities in SPD children in order to reveal the behavioral strategy of movement and balance control. Six SPD children and six age-match healthy controls participated in the test using a FootScan plantar pressure plate. The time-varying parameters of forces, center of pressure and foot balance index were analyzed using an open-source one-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM1d) package. No difference was found in foot balance and plantar loadings during walking, while limited supination–pronation motion was observed in the SPD children during running and turning. The plantar forces were mainly located in the midfoot region while less toe activity was found as well. Findings should be noted that SPD children had limited supination–pronation movement for shock attenuation in the foot complex and reduced ankle pronation to assist push-off and toe gripping movements. Understanding the behavior of plantar loading strategy and balance control during walking, running and turning activities may provide clinical implications for the rehabilitation and training of daily tasks.
Highlights
Sensory processing disorder (SPD) is affecting more and more school children, as documented by a ratio of around 8.3% in a recent study [1,2]
This study analyzes the center of pressure trajectory, foot balance index, ground reaction force and regional plantar forces in the left and right foot during walking, running and turning activities
This study analyzes the center of pressure trajectory, foot balance index, ground reThis study analyzes the center of pressure trajectory, foot balance index, ground re5 of 17 action force and regional plantar forces in the left and right foot during walking, running action force and regional plantar forces in the left and right foot during walking, running and turning activities
Summary
Sensory processing disorder (SPD) is affecting more and more school children, as documented by a ratio of around 8.3% in a recent study [1,2]. SPD often accompanies other symptoms, such as autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). SPD may result from preborn or postborn factors [3,4]. This disorder is reported as an neurological impairment that limits the brain’s ability to receive, process and respond to sensory stimuli [3,5,6]. The prevalence of SPD has increased in school-aged children and children that are firstly diagnosed [7,8]. Children with SPD may have problems responding to sensory discrimination, resulting in disruptions such as high risks of falling during dynamic activities in daily life
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