Understanding feeding complexity and culture in the NICU: A qualitative study

Abstract

While much has been published about family and infant contributions to feeding, less is known about neonatal professionals' perspectives on feeding complexity. Researchers employed a descriptive qualitative design to explore roles, feeding culture, aspects of skillful feeding, and enablers and barriers influencing feeding within the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Thirteen interdisciplinary professionals participated in one of four focus groups. Transcribed interviews were thematically coded; cross-case analysis, reflexivity, and triangulation promoted research integrity. Three activity-focused feeding themes emerged: ‘doing,’ ‘doing with others,’ and ‘doing for others.’ Feeding success was attributed to familiarity with the infant and family, self-efficacy, specialized education, collaborative communication, and “knowing” the infant. In promotion of feeding success, professionals may advocate for caregiver continuity and infant-driven feeding, encourage continuous parent involvement, and facilitate effective interdisciplinary collaboration.